CHAPTER 1: DIGITAL LITERACY
Digital literacy- Involves having a current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the Internet, and related technologies.
1.
Computers- An electronic device, operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory:
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2.
Mobile and games devices
Smartphone
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Digital camera
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Portable media player
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e-book reader
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Game console
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3.
Data and information
Keyboard-
Contain keys you press to enter data and instructions into a computer or
mobile device.
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Pointing device (input device)- allows a user to control a small symbol on the
screen called a pointer.
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Scanner
(light sensing input)- Converts printed text and images into a form the
computers can process.
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Display
(output device)- visually conveys text, graphics, and video
information.
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Printer
(output device)-produces text and
graphics on a physical medium such as paper.
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Speakers- Allows to hear audio and others sound.
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Example of data storage
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4.
The internet
•
Internet
is a worldwide
collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government
agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.
•
The World Wide
Web (or web, for short) is a global library of information available to anyone
connected to the Internet.
Web: consists of a worldwide
collection of electronic documents, each of which is called a webpage.
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Website: a collection of related webpages.
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Web server: a computer that delivers requested webpages
to your computer.
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Browser: software that
enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a
computer or mobile device.
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Search engine: software
that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information
related to a specific topic.
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Online social network: encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos,
music, and videos with other registered users.
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5.
Digital
safety and security
It is important that users protect their computers and mobile devices.
• Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste
generated when using a computer.
• Strategies include:
– Recycling.
– Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving
features.
– Regulating manufacturing processes.
– Extending the life of computers.
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced
computers.
6.
Programs and apps
•
Software, also called a program, tells
the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them.
•
Installing
is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and
other hardware.
•
Once
installed, you can run an application so that you can interact with it.
•
You
interact with a program or application through its user interface.
•
A
software developer, sometimes called an application developer or computer
programmer, is someone who develops programs and apps or writes the
instructions that direct the computer or mobile device to process data into
information.
7.
Communications and networks
•
A
communications device is hardware capable of transferring items from
computers and devices to transmission media and vice versa.
•
Examples
of wireless communications technologies include:
Wi-Fi
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bluetooth
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Cellular radio
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•
Network- a collection of computers and devices
connected together via communications devices and transmission media.
8.
Used of technologies in society
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Education
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Government
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Finance
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Retail
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Entertainment
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Health care
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Travel
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Science
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Publishing
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Manufacturing
9.
Users
Home user
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Small/Home office user
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Mobile user
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Power user
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Enterprise user
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CHAPTER 2:
The Internet is a worldwide collection
of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational
institutions, and individuals.
1. Evolution of internet
The internet
originated as ARPANET in September
1969 and had two main goals:
a.
Allow
scientists at different physical locations to share information and work
together.
b.
Function
even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster.
2. Connecting to the internet
Wired connections - a computer or device physically attaches
via a cable or wire to a communications device.
•
Cable Internet service
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DSL (digital subscriber line)
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Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
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Wireless connections - Computers without a communications device
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Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity)
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Mobile broadband
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Fixed wireless
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Satellite Internet Service
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Cybercafé- a location that provides
computers with Internet access, usually for a fee.
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Hot spot-wireless
network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and devices.
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• An Internet service provider
(ISP) is a business that provides individuals and organizations access
to the Internet free or for a fee. (Unifi,TM,Celcom)
• Bandwidth represents the amount of
data that travels over a network
–
Megabyte
(MB)
–
Gigabyte
(GB)
• An IP address is a sequence
of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the
Internet
• A domain name is a text-based
name that corresponds to the IP address
• A DNS server translates the
domain name into its associated IP address
3. The World Wide Web
There are thirteen types of Web sites:
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Online social network
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Informational
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Media sharing and bookmarking sites
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News,
weather, sports and other mass media
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Educational
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Business, Governmental and Organizational
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Blogs
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Wikis
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Health and science
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Entertainment
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Financial
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Travel and mapping
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Shopping and auctions
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Careers and employment
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E-Commerce
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Portals
Web
publishing is the
development and maintenance of websites.
4. Type of website
•
A
search engine is software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos,
news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic
•
A
subject directory classifies webpages in an organized set of categories, such
as sports or shopping, and related subcategories
5. Media on the web
Multimedia refers to any application that
combines text with:
a. Graphics-a digital representation
of non-text information.
• Graphic formats include BMP, GIF,
JPEG, PNG, and TIFF
• An infographic is a visual
representation of data and information, designed to communicate quickly,
simplify complex concepts, or present patterns or trends
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b. Animation-the appearance of motion
created by displaying a series of still images in sequence
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a. Audio-includes music, speech, or any
other sound
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b. Virtual reality (VR)- the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that
appears as a three-dimensional space.
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•
A
plug-in is a program that extends
the capability of a Web browser
6. Others internet services
Email-the transmission of messages and files via a
computer network
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Email program-allows you to create, send, receive,
forward, store, print, and delete email messages
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Email list-a group of email addresses used
for mass distribution of a message
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Instant messaging
(IM)-a real-time Internet communications service
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Chat-a real-time typed conversation that takes
place on a computer or mobile device
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Chat room-a website or application that permits users
to chat with others who are online at the same time
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Discussion forum-an online area in which users have written
discussions about a particular subject
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VoIP (Voice over IP)-enables users to speak to other
users over the Internet (viber, whatapp, skype)
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File Transport Protocol (FTP)-an Internet standard that permits
file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the Internet
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FTP server-a computer that allows users to
upload and/or download files using FTP
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7. Netiquette
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